Phofo ea Urolithin

1.Urolithin A Backgroud

Melemo ea pelo ea kharenate e lebisitse ho bafuputsi ho etsa lipatlisiso ka hore na tholoana ena e khubelu e ka re boloka re phetse hantle joang. Phuputsong ea morao tjena, bafuputsi ba Switzerland ba fumane molek'hule e ncha e tlisoang ke ho sila metsoako e 'meli e fumanoang likharenate: li-punicalagins le ellagitannins. Molek'hule ena e ikhethang, e tsejoang e le urolithin A, e thusa ho nchafatsa mitochondria, matlo a rona a matla a lisele. Urolithin A e bula mamati a mekhoa e mecha ea kalafo khahlano le mathata a amanang le lilemo, ho kenyeletsoa bofokoli, e leng sesosa sa kotsi ea bokooa, lipetlele le lefu.

2.Urolithin A Overview

Urolithin A ke motsoako oa metabolite, e leng oa sehlopha sa metsoako ea manyolo e tsejoang e le benzo-coumarin. Ke sehlahisoa sa ho qetela se hlahisoang ke ts'ebeliso ea lijo se nang le ellagitannins (polyphenols) mme se silafatsoa ke methapo ea 'mele ea mmele. Ka mantsoe a mang, Urolithin A e hlahisoa ha motho a noa mehloli ea lijo e nang le ellagitannins.

Urolithin A ha e hlahe ka tlhaho ka sebopeho sa eona. Mehloli ea lijo ea Ellagitannin, joalo ka mefuta e meng ea monokotšoai le kharenate, e tlameha ho sebelisoa le methapo ea libaktheria hore e ka etsoa. Bakeng sa hore kompone e be le lits'ebetso tse sebetsang, e tlameha ho etsoa ka labong, kapa ka mantsoe a mang, Urolithin A ea maiketsetso e tlameha ho hlahisoa hore e tle e sebelisoe.

3.Urolithin Mokhoa oa Ts'ebetso

Urolithin A e sebetsa joang? Ellagic acids le Ellagitannins ke li-precursors tsa Urolithin A.

Li-ellagitannins li fuoa hydrolyzed ho tsoa mala ho lokolla Ellagic acid, 'me sena se sebetsoa ho tloha ka maleng a microflora ho ea ho li-urolithin ka tahlehelo e ntseng e eketseha ho 1 ho li-lactone tse peli tse latellanang tsa ho tlosoa ha lihlopha tsa hydroxyl. Hang ha e se e jeoa ka maleng, ebe phofo ea Urolithin A e kena tsamaisong ea phallo ea mala ana.

Mitophagy, ho latela tlhaloso ea Wikipedia, ke ho senyeha ho khethiloeng ha mitochondria ea hau ka ho iketsetsa mmele. Hangata e hlaha ho mitochondria e senyehileng kamora tšenyo kapa khatello ea maikutlo. Leha ho le joalo, ha re ntse re tsofala, ts'ebetso ea Mitophagy ha e sebetse hantle. Ka lehlohonolo, Urolithin A e lumelloa ho matlafatsa mitophagy ka mokhoa o bolokiloeng ho mefuta e fapaneng.

4.Melemo/Liphello tsa Urolithin A

❶ Urolithin A E Thusa Ho Loantša Kankere

Ho sa tsotelehe tlhokomelo e mabifi ea kalafo le chemotherapy, hoo e ka bang batho ba 50% ba nang le mofets'e oa 'mala o hlahisang lihlahala tse iphetang. Sena se ka bakoa ke karolo e 'ngoe ea pholoho ea lisele tse kotsi tsa mofetše oa colon tse hanang chemotherapy e tloaelehileng ebe li sebetsa joalo ka `` peo' 'bakeng sa mofets'e o latelang.
Tlhahlobisong e khahlisang, bafuputsi ba ile ba pepesa lisele tsa methapo ea mofets'e tsa mofets'e ho tsoa ho mokuli ea nang le mofets'e oa 'mala ho motsoako o nang le 85% urolithin A kapa 30% urolithin A. Liphetho li ne li hlolla. Motsoako o phahameng oa urolithin A mahloriso o ne o sebetsa hantle haholo ho thibela palo le boholo ba lisele tsa methapo ea mofets'e le ho thibela ts'ebetso ea aldehyde dehydrogenase, letšoao la chemoresistance.

❷ Urolithin A - Neuroprotective Effects

Kamano lipakeng tsa kharenate le litlamorao tsa eona tsa ho thibela lefu la Alzheimer e thehiloe hantle lithutong tsa liphoofolo.8 Leha ho le joalo, likarolo tsa bioactive tsa ketso ena li ne li sa tsejoe ho fihlela joale.
Lefu la Alzheimer le lebelletsoe ho ama batho ba fetang limilione tse 115 lefatšeng ka bophara ka selemo sa 2050. Sehlopha sa bafuputsi se ile sa sheba phuputso e fetileng ea liphoofolo e tlalehileng ka litlamorao tsa anti-Alzheimer's tsa likarolo tsa kharenate.
Sehlopha se hlahlobile bokhoni ba likarolo tsena ho tšela tšitiso ea mali le boko mme sa fumana hore mofuta oa methylated oa urolithin A (mUA), o tsoang kharanata, hammoho le li-urolithin tse ling li khona ho etsa joalo.
Mme, leha lipatlisiso tse ling li hlokahala, bangoli ba fihletse qeto ea hore li-urolithin ke metsoako e ka bang teng e ikarabellang bakeng sa litlamorao tsa anti-Alzheimer tse kenyelletsang ts'ireletso khahlano le neurotoxicity le b-amyloid fibrillation. Liphetho tsena lia ts'episa, 'me li fana ka maikutlo a tlhoko ea ho lekola mekhoa e meng ea tlatsetso ea phepo ea tlhaho bakeng sa ho thibela kapa ho fokotsa tsoelo-pele ea Alzheimer's.
Liphetho le tlhaiso-leseling e tsoang liphuputsong tsena tse fapaneng li ts'ehetsa bohlokoa ba metsoako ea polyphenol metabolite joalo ka urolithin A e tsoang ho kharenate le karolo ea bona ho loantseng mofetše oa colon le mafu a methapo ea kutlo.
Boithuto bo boetse bo bontšitse hore Urolithin A e ka ntlafatsa matla le mamello ea mesifa ho batho ba tsofetseng. Liphuputso tsa morao-rao li bonts'a bopaki ba pele bo hlahisa melemo e meng e ts'episang ea Urolithin A, e kenyeletsang tse latelang:

-Anti-hlabang
- Anticarcinogenic
-Antioxidant
-Lipapatso
Likokoana-hloko

Urolithin A e boetse e bonoa ka matla e le tlatsetso ho lihlahisoa tsa protheine ho ntlafatsa litlamorao tsa boikoetliso, hape le ho fokotsa botenya.

5.Urolithin A Litlamorao

Tekong ea bongaka e boletsoeng ka holimo, ha ho litla-morao tse bohloko tse tlalehiloeng. Lipatlisisong tsa letoto la lithuto tsa pele ho kalafo le tsa bongaka, ho bonahala ho na le bopaki ba ts'ehetso ho polokeho ea ts'ebeliso ea Urolithin A.

Ha ho litlamorao tsa chefo e tlalehiloeng, le liphuputsong tse amang tekanyetso e phahameng ka ho fetisisa e fuoeng likhoto lithutong tse joalo.

6.Urolithin A Mehloli ea Lijo

Joalokaha ho boletsoe, Urolithin A ka sebopeho sa eona sa ho qetela ha e hlahe ka tlhaho. Ha ho tsejoe hore e ka fumanoa mehloling efe kapa efe ea lijo. Leha ho le joalo, selelekela sa kompone se ka fumanoa litholoana le linate tse itseng. Mehloli ea lijo e nang le li-ellagitannin tse kang kharenate, tse tala, fragole, fragole le walnuts ke mehlala e meng.

Li-ellagitannins tsa litholoana tsena le linate li haelloa ke metsi ka mpeng ho hlahisa ellagic acid, e ntan'o sebetsoa ka mpeng ebe e sebelisoa le mala a microflora ho Urolithin A.

Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore Urolithin A ha e etsahale ka linako tsohle ha e nooa. Matšoao a batho ba bang ha a na motsoako o motle oa microflora e hlokahalang ho fetola ellagic acid hore e be Urolithin A. Sena se bolela hore ha se motho e mong le e mong ea tla hlahisa Urolithin A ka maleng a bona haeba ba ja kharenate, walnuts kapa monokotsoai. Sena sohle se latela libaktheria tsa ka mpeng tse teng 'meleng oa hau.

7.Urolithin Mokhoa oa ho Etsa

Urolithin A e etsoa ka likhakanyo tsa lik'hemik'hale ho sebelisa e 'ngoe ea lits'ebetso tse peli tse hlalositsoeng ka tlase. Ts'ebetso tsena ka bobeli li kenyelletsa karabelo ea ho kopanya ea Ullmann, e lateloe ke kalafo ea acid ea Lewis ho hlahisa sehlahisoa se hloekisitsoeng haholo sa urolithin A.

Sehlahisoa sa ho qetela se hloekisoa ka mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea kalafo ka li-solvents, li tlhotliloeng, li hlatsuoa ebe li omisoa ho fumana urolithin e hloekileng A. Sehlahisoa hamorao se fokotsoa ka boholo ba phatsa.

Ho ea ka lits'ebetso tse tiisitsoeng hantle, Urolithin A phofo e entsoe ka maiketsetso le ho hloekisoa ka mehato e mengata e meholo ho fihlela tlhahiso e hloekileng ea 99%. Lisebelisoa tsa Raw le mehato ea ts'ebetso e kenyellelitsoeng ho tswakaneng ha urolithin A e kenyelletsa 2-Bromo-5-methoxy benzoic acid, 2-Bromo-5-hydroxy benzoic acid, Resorcinol, 50% sodium hydroxide, Copper sulfate pentahydrate, Methanol, Aluminium chloride, Toluene , DMSO, Methanol, Acetic Acid, le TBME (tert-butyl-methyl ether).

8.Synthetic Urolithin A VS Natural Urolithin A

Joalokaha ho boletsoe kaholimo, Urolithin A ke methapo ea methapo e hlahisoang ke ellagitannins (ET) kapa ellagic acid (EA). Haeba u batla ho fumana palo e kholo ea Urolithin A, u tlameha ho ja litholoana tse ngata pele, 'me u li emetse hore li tlohe ho ellagitannins le ellagic acid ho Urolithin A. Ts'ebetso ena e telele,' me e hloekile e tlase, 'me ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa , ho tla ba theko e boima haholo ho etsa joalo.

Ha se motho e mong le e mong ea nang le microflora e nepahetseng e ka etsang metabolism. Ntle le moo, ts'ebetso ena e ke ke ea sebelisoa ho tlhahiso ea bongata setsing sa tlhahiso e lumellanang le GMP.

Litaba tse monate ke hore, e le sesebelisoa sa lipale, Urolithin A qetellong e fumaneha khoebong ka 2019 ho tsoa Cima Science. Hona joale e ka etsoa ka lab le fekthering. Urolithin A ea maiketsetso e ts'oana ka sebopeho le urolithin ea tlhaho A. Bokhoni ba tlhahiso bo fihla ho 3000 kgs kapa 2.5 tons / month.

9.Urolithin A Polokeho

Urolithin A e amoheloa ke European Union e le sejo se ncha sa lijo.

Tsamaiso ea Tsamaiso ea Lijo le Lithethefatsi ea Amerika (FDA) ka 2018 e file urolithin A boemo ba eona ba GRAS bo sebelisitsoeng foromong ea tlatsetso ea phepo. GRAS e bolela hore Urolithin A ka kakaretso e nkuoa e bolokehile ha ho na le litekanyetso tsa 500mg ho 1 gram ka nako ea ts'ebeletso.

Tšireletseho ea Urolithin e ile ea batlisisoa letotong la liteko tsa kalafo le tsa bongaka, tse khothalletsang polokeho ea bophelo bo botle bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea eona. Litekanyetso tse phetoang tsa matsatsi a 28 le matsatsi a 90 a urolithin A ka likhoto ha ea ka ea bontša tšusumetso e mpe ea chefo maemong a mang a lekantsoeng ka tsela efe kapa efe eo litekanyo li lekiloeng ka eona.

10.Welcome to Reka Urolithin A/Urolithin A 8-Methyl Ether Bulk Powder ho tloha AASraw!

Ho sibolloa ha urolithin A, e hlahisoang ke li-punicalagins le ellagitannins metsoako e fumanoang likharenate, e fana ka menyetla e mecha ea ho loants'a ho theoha ho amanang le lilemo tsa ts'ebetso ea mitochondrial le bofokoli le tahlehelo ea mesifa.

Ka ho thusa lisele ho nchafatsa le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea mesifa, ho ntšoa ha kharenate le metabolite ea eona e sa tsoa fumanoa, urolithin A-e ka atleha.

Hammoho le liphuputso tsena, ho na le bopaki bo tšehetsang ba litlamorao tse matla tseo urolithin A e nang le tsona khahlanong le lefu la Alzheimer le mofetše, e fana ka sesebelisoa se seng sa ho loants'a maemo ana a sithabetsang a amang batho ba bangata ba tsofetseng.

Mokhoa ona oa phepo e nepahetseng o bula menyetla eo mekhoa ea setso ea meriana e e-so ka e e hlahloba. Haeba u batla ho reka phofo ea Urolithin A / Urolithin A 8-Methyl Ether, AASraw mohlomong ke khetho e ntle.

11.Urolithin A VS Urolithin B

Ka bobeli Urolithin B le Urolithin A phofo li sebelisoa ho tlatselletsang, empa ka melemo e fapaneng ea ts'ebetso. Li sebetsa ka mokhoa o fapaneng oa ts'ebetso. Urolithin A haholo-holo e etselitsoe mokhoa oa ho Thibela botsofali bakeng sa mochini oa eona oa mitophagy ha urolithin B e le molemong oa phepo ea lipapali joalo ka motsoako o hahang mesifa.

Urolithin A ke motsoako o batlisisitsoeng hantle haholo, ka kakaretso o nkuoe o bolokehile (GRAS) ke FDA, athe urolithin B ha e joalo. Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea tlatsetso e sebelisang urolithin A ho feta urolithin B.

Urolithin A le Urolithin B li koetsoe. Motsoako oa kharenate o na le li-urolithin tsena ka bobeli. Likharenate ke sehloa sa litholoana. Ka mor'a tšilo ea lijo, likarolo tsa tsona li ka fetoloa ke limela tsa mala ho urolithin C, 'me li fetoha Urolithin D le A, ebe Urolithin B. Ka kutloisiso ena, urolithin A e ka fetoloa ho urolithin B.

Ka lebaka leo, palo e nyane ea urolithin B e ka fumanoa maling a batho ba feptjoang ka karolo ea kharenate; leha ho le joalo, thepa ea eona ea antioxidant le e khahlanong le ho ruruha e fokola haholo ho feta urolithin A. Leha ho le joalo, urolithin B e na le molemo oa eona ho feta urolithin A. E khona ho eketsa boholo ba lisele tsa mesifa le ho potlakisa ho hōla ha mesifa.

12.Urolithin B Tlhaloso

Urolithin B ke urolithin, e leng mofuta oa metsoako ea phenolic e hlahisoang ka mpeng ea motho ka mor'a ho monya lijo tse nang le ellagitannins tse kang kharenate, fragole, tse tala tse khubelu, walnuts kapa veine e khubelu ea ore. Urolithin B e fumanoa ka har'a moroto ka mokhoa oa urolithin B glucuronide.

Urolithin B le eona ke sehlahisoa sa tlhaho se nang le li-antiproliferative le antioxidant. Urolithin B e thehiloe ke metabolism e tsoang ho li-polyphenol tse fumanoang linate le litholoana tse ling, haholo likharenate. Urolithin B e bonts'itsoe hore e tšela tšitiso ea boko ba mali, mme e kanna ea ba le litlamorao tsa ts'ireletso khahlanong le Lefu la Alzheimer's.

13.Urolithin B Mokhoa oa Ts'ebetso

E fokotsa ho senyeha ha protheine mme e baka mesifa ea hypertrophy. Urolithin B e thibela tšebetso ea aromatase, enzyme e fetolang estrogen le testosterone.

Urolithin B ke sehlahisoa sa tlhaho se nang le li-antiproliferative le antioxidant. Urolithin B e thehiloe ke metabolism e tsoang ho li-polyphenol tse fumanoang linate le litholoana tse ling, haholo likharenate. Urolithin B e bonts'itsoe hore e tšela tšitiso ea boko ba mali, mme e kanna ea ba le litlamorao tsa ts'ireletso khahlanong le Lefu la Alzheimer's.

14.Kopo ea Urolithin B

Ha ba ntse ba ithuta ka li-anti-inflammatory le antioxidant tsa li-urolithins A le B, bafuputsi ba UCL ba ile ba fumana hore e na le tšireletso mesifa. Lisele tsa mesifa moetlong tse neng li kopane le urolithin B li ile tsa ba kholo ho feta tse neng li sa kopane. Re ne re batla ho tseba hore na hobaneng.

Taba ea mantlha, ba ithutile ka "vitro" mme ba fumana urolithin B e na le tšusumetso e 'meli: e kenya tšebetsong protheine ea mesifa le ho fokotsa ho senyeha.

Taba ea bobeli, bafuputsi ba ile ba ithuta ka phello ea urolithin B ho vivo, ho litoeba. Moprofesa Francaux o re: 'Ho ekelitse kholo ea mesifa ea bona'. 'Re ile ra boela ra e fa litoeba tse nang le methapo ea methapo e khaotsoeng e bakang ho holofala leoto, mme tahlehelo ea mesifa e ileng ea latela e etsahetse ka tlase ho 20 ho isa ho 30% ka tlase le hanyane.'

15. Liphello tsa Urolithin B

Urolithin B ke e 'ngoe ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo ea ellagitannins, hape e na le litlamorao tse khahlano le ho ruruha le antioxidant. Urolithin B e thibela tšebetso ea NF-κB ka ho fokotsa phosphorylation le ho senyeha ha I VerBcy, hape e hatella phosphorylation ea JNK, ERK, le Akt, hape e ntlafatsa phosphorylation ea AMPK. Urolithin B hape ke molaoli oa masapo a mesifa.

(1). Urolithin B e fokotsa tahlehelo ea boima ba 'mele bo bakoang ke ho senya
(2). Urolithin B-hlohlelletsa masapo mesifa hypertrophy ho litoeba
(3). Phello ea anabolic ea urolithin B e buelloa ke mokelikeli oa androgen
(4). Urolithin B e hlohlelletsa protheine ho C2C12 myotubes ka ho kenya ts'ebetsong mTORC1 signaling
(5). Urolithin B e thibela tšenyeho ea protheine ka ho nyenyefatsa tsela ea ubiquitin – proteasome
(6). Urolithin B e ntlafatsa phapang ea li-myotubes tsa C2C12

Reference

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